Hamas: Ko su najistaknutiji lideri grupe?

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Smer kretanja kazaljke na satu: Marwan Issa; Khaled Meshaal; Mahmoud Zahar; Yahya Sinwar; Ismail Haniyeh; Mohammed Deif

Otkako je Hamas zaslepio Izrael svojim najambicioznijim napadom ikada pokrenutim iz Gaze, postavljaju se pitanja ko je rukovodio smrtonosnom invazijom.

Mnogi od najviših ljudi koji pripadaju militantnoj palestinskoj grupi koja kontroliše Gazu drže se niskog javnog značaja, dok su drugi proveli veći deo svog života izbegavajući pokušaje atentata od strane Izraela.

Ovo su Hamasovi najistaknutiji lideri.

Ismail Haniyeh

Hanije se smatra opštim liderom Hamasa

Ismail Hanije se smatra generalnim vođom Hamasa.

Istaknutog člana pokreta, Izrael je zatvorio na tri godine 1989. dok je gušio prvi palestinski ustanak.

Zatim je 1992. godine prognan na ničiju zemlju između Izraela i Libana, zajedno sa brojnim liderima Hamasa.

Posle godinu dana u izgnanstvu, vratio se u Gazu. Godine 1997. postavljen je za šefa kancelarije Hamasovog duhovnog vođe, ojačavajući njegovu poziciju.

Hanija je imenovao za palestinskog premijera 2006. predsednik Mahmud Abas nakon što je Hamas osvojio najviše mesta na nacionalnim izborima, ali je smenjen godinu dana kasnije nakon što je grupa izbacila Abasovu stranku Fatah iz Pojasa Gaze u nedelju dana smrtonosnog nasilja.

Hanije je odbacio njegovu smenu kao „neustavnu”, ističući da njegova vlada „neće napustiti svoje nacionalne odgovornosti prema palestinskom narodu” i da je nastavila da vlada u Gazi.

Za šefa Hamasovog političkog biroa izabran je 2017.

Godine 2018. Stejt department SAD proglasio je Hanija teroristom. Poslednjih godina živi u Kataru.

Yahya Sinwar

U septembru 2015, Sjedinjene Države su Sinvarovo ime uvrstile na svoju crnu listu „međunarodnih terorista“

Vođa pokreta Hamas u Pojasu Gaze, Jahja Sinvar, rođen je 1962. godine.

On je osnivač Hamasove bezbednosne službe poznate kao Majd, koja upravlja pitanjima unutrašnje bezbednosti, istražuje osumnjičene izraelske agente i traga za oficirima izraelskih obaveštajnih i bezbednosnih službi.

Sinvar je hapšen tri puta. Nakon trećeg hapšenja 1988. godine osuđen je na četiri doživotne kazne zatvora.

Međutim, on je bio među 1.027 palestinskih i izraelskih arapskih zatvorenika koje je Izrael pustio u zamenu za izraelskog vojnika koji je Hamas držao u zatočeništvu više od pet godina.

Sinvar se vratio na svoju poziciju istaknutog lidera u Hamasu i imenovan je za šefa političkog biroa grupe u Pojasu Gaze 2017. godine.

SAD su 2015. uvrstile Sinvar na svoju crnu listu „međunarodnih terorista“.

Mohammed Deif

Deif ima skoro mitski status u Gazi zbog svoje sposobnosti da izbegne atentat

Mohamed Deif predvodi Brigade Iz al-Din al-Qassam, vojnu granu pokreta Hamas.

On je mračna figura poznata Palestincima kao Mastermind, a Izraelcima kao Mačka sa devet života.

Izraelske vlasti su ga zatvorile 1989. godine, nakon čega je formirao Brigade Al Kasam sa ciljem da zarobi izraelske vojnike.

Nakon puštanja na slobodu, pomogao je u izgradnji tunela koji su omogućili borcima Hamasa da uđu u Izrael iz Gaze,

Deif je jedan od najtraženijih ljudi u Izraelu, optužen za planiranje i nadgledanje bombaških napada na autobuse u kojima je ubijeno desetine Izraelaca 1996. godine i za umešanost u hvatanje i ubistvo tri izraelska vojnika sredinom 1990-ih.

Izrael ga je zatvorio 2000. godine, ali je pobegao na početku druge palestinske pobune, ili intifade.

Od tada je za sobom ostavio malo traga. Poznate su tri njegove slike: jedna je datirana, na drugoj je maskiran, a treća je njegova senka.

Najozbiljniji pokušaji atentata na njegov život bili su 2002. godine: Deif je preživeo, ali je izgubio jedno oko. Izrael kaže da je takođe izgubio stopalo i ruku i da ima poteškoća da govori.

Izraelske snage bezbednosti ponovo nisu uspele da ubiju Deifa tokom napada na pojas Gaze 2014, ali su ubile njegovu ženu i dvoje dece.

Više od Deifu pročitajte u našoj vesti.

Marwan Issa

Smatra se da je Issa odigrao značajnu ulogu u nedavnom napadu

Marvan Isa, ili Čovek iz senke i desna ruka Mohameda Deifa, zamenik je glavnog komandanta brigada Iz al-Din al-Qassam.

Izraelske snage pritvorile su ga tokom prve intifade pet godina zbog njegovih aktivnosti sa Hamasom.

Palestinske vlasti su uhapsile Isu 1997. godine, ali je oslobođen nakon druge intifade 2000. godine.

Bio je na listi najtraženijih u Izraelu, a povređen je kada je Izrael pokušao da ga ubije 2006. godine.

Izraelski ratni avioni su takođe dva puta uništili njegovu kuću tokom invazije na Gazu 2014. i 2021. godine, ubivši njegovog brata.

Kako Issa izgleda, nije se znalo sve do 2011. godine, kada se pojavio na grupnoj fotografiji snimljenoj tokom prijema za razmenjene zatvorenike.

Smatra se da je igrao značajnu ulogu u planiranju upada u Izrael, uključujući i najnoviji.

Khaled Meshaal

Mešal je jedan od osnivača Hamasa

Kaled Mešal, koji je rođen na Zapadnoj obali 1956. godine, smatra se jednim od osnivača Hamasa.

Po direktnim uputstvima izraelskog premijera Benjamina Netanjahua, izraelska špijunska agencija Mosad pokušala je da ubije Mešala 1997. dok je živeo u Jordanu,

Agenti Mosada ušli su u Jordan sa falsifikovanim kanadskim pasošima, a Mešalu je ubrizgana otrovna supstanca dok je hodao ulicom.

Jordanske vlasti otkrile su pokušaj atentata i uhapsile dvojicu pripadnika Mosada.

Pokojni kralj Jordana Husein zatražio je od izraelskog premijera protivotrov za supstancu koja je ubrizgana Mešalu. Suočen sa pritiskom tadašnjeg američkog predsednika Bila Klintona, Netanjahu je obezbedio protivotrov nakon što je prvobitno odbio zahtev.

Mešal, koji živi u Kataru, prvi put je posetio pojas Gaze 2012. Primili su ga palestinski zvaničnici i gomile Palestinaca izašle su da mu požele dobrodošlicu.

Hamas je 2017. izabrao Ismaila Hanija da nasledi Mešala na mestu šefa svog političkog biroa, a Mešal je postao šef političkog biroa grupe u inostranstvu.

Mahmoud Zahar

Zahar je preživeo pokušaj izraelskog ubistva 2003.

Mahmud Zahar je rođen u Gazi 1945. godine od oca Palestinca i majke Egipćanke. Smatra se jednim od najistaknutijih lidera Hamasa i članom političkog rukovodstva pokreta.

Išao je u školu u Gazi i na univerzitet u Kairu, zatim je radio kao lekar u Gazi i Kan Iounisu sve dok ga izraelske vlasti nisu otpustile zbog njegovog političkog položaja.

Mahmud Zahar je držan u izraelskim zatvorima 1988. godine, mesecima nakon osnivanja Hamasa. Bio je među onima koje je Izrael deportovao na ničiju zemlju 1992. godine, gde je proveo godinu dana.

Pošto je pokret Hamas pobedio na palestinskim opštim izborima 2006. godine, Zahar se pridružio Ministarstvu spoljnih poslova u novoformiranoj vladi premijera Ismaila Hanija pre njenog konačnog razrešenja.

Izrael je pokušao da ubije Zahara 2003. godine, kada je avion bacio bombu na njegovu kuću u gradu Gaza. U napadu je zadobio lakše povrede, ali je ubio njegovog najstarijeg sina Kaleda.

Njegov drugi sin, Hosam, koji je bio pripadnik al-Qassamovih brigada, poginuo je u izraelskom vazdušnom napadu na Gazu 2008. godine.

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